IISG

Pavel Borisovič Aksel'rod Papers

Period  (1858, 1870) 1879-1929.
Total size   3.12 m
Consultation Not restricted.
User restriction   Only microfilms can be consulted.

Biography

Full name: Pavel Borisovič Aksel'rod; born near Pochep, Ukraine, Russia 1849/1850, died in Berlin 1928; Menshevik leader; Narodnik in the seventies; from the early eighties one of the leaders of Russian (Marxist) social democracy; lived in Switzerland from 1875; formed with Georgij Plechanov and Vera Zasulič the Gruppa Osvoboždenie Truda; coeditor of Iskra; after the split in the Rossijskaja Social-Demokratičeskaja Rabočaja Partija (RSDRP) in 1903 ideologist of the Menshevik faction; editor of Golos social'demokrata 1908-1911; spokesman for the 'Internationalists' during the First World War; outspoken opponent of the October Revolution.

Content

Letters received by Aksel'rod from some 400 correspondents, including Rafail Abramovič 1920-1927, August Bebel 1900-1905, Grigorij Binštok 1919, 1925-1928, Fedor and Lidija Dan 1902-1927, Petr Garvi 1912, 1925-1927, Robert Grimm 1915, Karl Kautsky 1886-1927, D. Kol'cov 1896-1905, Julij O. Martov 1901-1916, 1920-1922, Georgij Plechanov 1886-1897 (copies), Rozalija M. Plechanova 1898-1910, 1923-1926, Aleksandr Potresov 1900-1928, Samuil Ščupak 1916-1924, Iraklij Tsereteli 1914, 1919-1928, Vladimir and Emma Vojtinskij 1920-1928, Clara Zetkin 1891-1893, 1897-1905, 1911, 1914;

drafts or copies of letters sent by Aksel'rod to some 60 correspondents; other correspondence 1882-1928; letters received by Evgenija A. Landyševa 1922-1929; personal documents; articles and fragments and variants of articles by Aksel'rod (1870) 1882-1927; handwritten and typed manuscripts and various variants of part one and the partly unpublished part two of his memoirs 'Perežitoe i peredumannoe';

drafts of speeches; notebooks with extracts, notes, etc.; manuscripts by others; resolutions and other documents from and about the RSDRP 1904-1926; (draft) resolutions, circular letters and other documents of the Second International 1913-1927.

Processing information

Inventory made by Hermien van Veen in 1996

Alternate Form of Material

55 safety microfilms

INTRODUCTION

Pavel Borisovič Aksel'rod was born about 1850 in a village near the Ukrainian town Pochep. He lived in Switzerland from 1875. From the eighties he was one of the leaders of Russian (Marxist) social democracy. With Plechanov and Zasulič he formed the Gruppa Osvoboždenie Truda . He was co-editor of Iskra; after the split in the RSDRP in 1903 he was the ideologist of the Menshevik faction. He was editor of Golos social' demokrata 1908-1911. Outspoken opponent of the October Revolution. In May 1917 he returned to Russia from Switzerland, and in August the Central Committee sent him to the Socialist International conference in Stockholm as the official representative of the Menshevik party in the West. He lectured in Sweden and began publication of the Écho de Russie in January 1918 and in June Stimmen aus Russland, the organ of RSDRP and PSR . He attended the first postwar conferences of the Socialist International.

Because of poor health he influenced mainly through personal talks and correspondence. He enjoyed great esteem, affection and authority in the Party.

He died in Berlin in 1928.

Archive

The IISH bought the archive Aksel'rod in 1936. At that time documents from the archive had already been printed in several publications. Besides Aksel'rod's papers it contained documents such as minutes of the Sojuz Russkich Socialdemokratov zagranicej (now a separate collection). It contained also papers from Evgenija Aleksandrovna Landyševa (1885-1960).

She was a menshevik and a friend of Aksel'rod's daughters.

She took care of Aksel'rod from 1922. Apparently she also sorted out his papers and arranged them. She took part in editing ' Die russische revolution und die sozialistische Internationale. Aus dem literarischen Nachlass von Paul Axelrod ', Jena 1932. Landyševa's papers are in inv.nos. 117-120.

Aksel'rod was almost as proficient in German as in Russian. Among the manuscripts were files labeled 'articles in German' (inv.nos. 88-90). Among the other manuscripts (inv.nos. 80-87) articles in German may be found too.

In the correspondence it is not mentioned whether a letter is a letter, a postcard or a telegram. There were quite a few photographs of the Pomeranc family, friends of the Aksel'rods. All photographs are now in the IISH Audiovisual Department (BG A 53/906-927, BG B 21/958-965, BG C 2/397, box O/326, BG C 14/28, BG H 10/555-556, BG C 13/26-27).

The archive measures 3.12 metres.

INVENTORY


GENERAL


Letters to Aksel'rod

1-45
Letters to P.B. Aksel'rod from persons.   1881-1928 and n.d.  1 box and 44 folders.
1
Abramovič, R. 1920-1927.  14 letters.
2
Achmatov, I.I. 1912, 1916.  3 letters.
Adams-Aleksandrovskij, V. 1922.  1 letter.
Adler, Fr. 1910, 1912, 1924.  7 letters.
Adler, K. 1910-1926.  4 letters.
Adler, V. 1903-1905.  6 letters.
Agrest, E.A. 1905.  2 letters.
Ajsenštadt, I.L. 1925.  1 letter.
Anan'in, E. [E. Čarskij] . 1911-1914, 1918-1925.  16 letters.
Anan'in, R. 1918, 1921.  2 letters.
Aptekman, O. 1887, 1905-1915.  18 letters.
Argutin . 1904.  1 letter.
Aronson, G. 1927.  1 letter.
Asatiani, S. 1917.  1 letter.
3
Aksel'rod, A.P. 1911-1927.  30 letters.
Aksel'rod, S.B. 1920.  2 letters.
Aksel'rod, M.B. 1914.  1 letter.
Aksel'rod, B. 1904.  1 letter.
Aksel'rod, 'Šura' . 1910-1920, 1927.  14 letters.
Aksel'rod, 'Mul'ka' . 1910-1911.  3 letters.
Aksel'rod, L.I. (Ortodoks) . 1900-1907.  8 letters.
4
Backlund, Sven . 1919, 1927.  2 letters.
Bader, H. 1920.  1 letter.
Bajkalov, A. 1920.  1 letter.
Bakalov, G. 1908.  1 letter.
Balabanova, A. 1915.  5 letters.
Baskind, A. 1897-1899.  3 letters.
Batušenskij, B. 1905.  1 letter.
Bebel, A. 1900-1905.  19 letters.
Bebutov, Kn. D. 1912-1913.  3 letters.
Belen'kij, Gr. 1913.  2 letters.
Berlin, P. 1922.  2 letters.
Bernstein, E. 1891-1898, 1912.  5 letters.
Bernstein, R. N.d.  1 letter.
Bienstock see Binštok .
5
Binštok, Gr. 1919, 1925-1928.  25 letters.
6
Bisk, I. 1908-1917.  17 letters.
Bisk, K. 1910-1914.  7 letters.
Bisk, M. 1914.  1 letter.
Bisk, N. 1910-1912.  3 letters.
Bisk, O. 1912-1915, 1918, 1928.  13 letters.
7
Blank, R. 1918.  1 letter.
Bljumenfel'd, I.S. 1891-1912.  30 letters.
Bloch, J. 1919.  1 letter.
Bobrovskaja, C.  N.d. 1 letter.
Bogučarskij (Jakovlev) . 1912.  3 letters.
Bonč-Bruevič, V. 1897-1904.  5 letters.
Bonnier, A. 1922.  1 letter.
Bracke . 1927. g  1 letter.
Bramson, V. 1927.  1 letter.
Branting, H. 1918.  1 letter.
Braun, A. 1911-1912. 1  7 letters.
Brin, S. 1919-1921.  13 letters.
8
Brocher, G . 1918.  1 letter.
Brojdo, E. 1920-1925.  27 letters.
Brojdo, V. N.d.  1 letter.
Brunnschweiler, M. 1918, 1919, 1928.  3 letters.
Buchgol'c, V. 1896-1927.  20 letters.
Bulkin, Semenov. F.A. 1913-1914.  3 letters.
Burgina, A. 1927.  1 letter.
9
Čajkovskij, N.V. 1896-1902.  3 letters.
Čcheidze, N. 1920.  1 letter.
Čchenkeli, A.I. 1919-1920.  6 letters.
Cederbaum-Mayer, E.O. 1912, 1920.  2 letters.
Cereteli, I.G. see nrs. 10-12.
Chabade, M. 1919-1920.  4 letters.
Chajes, B. 1928.  1 letter.
Chanania, E. 1918.  1 letter.
Charasch, A. 1918-1927.  16 letters.
Chavkina, E. N.d. [1905?].  1 letter.
Čičerin, G. 1909-1914.  12 letters.
Členov, B.A. 1924-1927.  4 letters.
Cohn, O. 1917.  1 letter.
Conzett, V. 1927.  1 letter.
Crispien, A. 1927 .  1 letter.
10-12
Cereteli, I.G. 1914, 1919-1928.  3 folders (136 letters).
10
1914, 1919-1924.
11
1925-1926.
12
1927-1928.
13-15
Dan, F. and L. 1902-1928.  3 folders (147 letters).
13
1902-1907.
14
1908-1913.
15
1914-1928.
16
Dalin, D. 1921.  4 letters.
Debagorij-Mokrievič, Vl. 1897-1905.  7 letters.
Dejč, L. 1883-1884, 1913-1914.  14 letters.
Dejč, L. 1882-1884, 1905-1914.  Copies and extracts of letters.
Dietz, H. 1889, 1913.  2 letters.
Divilkovskij, A. N.d.  2 letters.
Dobrogeanu-Gherea, C. 1898-1917.  7 letters.
Dollberg, L. N.d.  1 letter.
Domela Nieuwenhuis, F. 1890.  1 letter.
Dragomanov, M. 1882.  2 letters.
Drozdov, I. 1905.  2 letters.
17
Efron . 1898-1900.  3 letters.
Ellert, I. 1913-1914.  5 letters.
Elpidin, M. 1889.  1 letter.
Erisman, V. 1917-1918, 1928.  3 letters.
Erlich . 1918.  1 letter.
Ermolaev, K. and V. 1915. . With encl.  2 letters.
Ežov, S.O. 1910, 1916.  2 letters.
Farber . 1904-1905.  2 letters.
Fedorov-Parnev, M. 1909-1913. .  6 letters.
Fimelev . 1912.  1 letter.
Finikov, A. 1908.  2 letters.
Fischer, R. 1904.  1 letter.
Friedland. A. 1915.  2 letters.
Friedmann, V. 1928.  1 letter.
Garvi-Bronštejn, S. 1912, 1925-1927.  16 letters.
Garvi, 'Jurij' . 1912 and n.d. 16 letters.  8 letters.
Garvi, P.A. 1924-1927. 1  6 letters. With letter from A. Gurljand to Garvi.
18
Gassel'nik, A. 1918-1921, 1927.  16 letters.
Gegečkori, E. 1923.  1 letter.
Georgeoliani. 1919.  1 letter.
Georgeoliani, A. 1914.  1 letter.
Ginzberg, R.Ja. 1926.  2 letters.
Ginzburg, F. N.d.  1 letter.
Gloor, E. 1918.  2 letters.
Gogolašvili, I. N.d.  1 letter (copy).
Gol'denberg, G.A. 1906.  1 letter.
Gol'denberg, I. 1898, 1919.  4 letters.
Gornštein, A. 1909.  1 letter.
Gornštein, S. Ja. 1910.  1 letter.
Gorodiche, L. 1909.  1 letter.
Gradnauer, G. 1901.  1 letter.
Greulich, H. 1915-1918.  7 letters.
Grigor'ev (Krachmal'nikov), R. 1915-1917.  20 letters.
19
Grigorovič, G. 1904.  2 letters.
Grimm, R. 1915.  10 letters.
Grinevič, V.-Kogan, M. 1927.  1 letter.
Grincer, S. 1904-1905, 1925.  7 letters.
Grišin . 1897-1899.  9 letters.
Grumbach, S. 1918.  5 letters.
Grünfeld (Bienstock-), J. 1925-1927.  28 letters.
Gukovskaja, E. 1913.  2 letters.
Gukovskij, I. 1905, 1920.  3 letters.
20
Gurevič (Dvinov), B.L. 1924-1928.  9 letters. With encl.
Gurevič-Smirnov (Danevič), E. 1900-1906.  4 letters.
Gurevič, G.E. 1920-1926.  13 letters.
Gurevič-Aksel'rod, V.P. 1893-1927.  36 letters.
Gurevič, Saša (grandson). 1910-1926.  5 letters.
21
Haaften, M. van . 1920.  1 letter.
Halpern, J. 1896.  1 letter.
Harlakov, N. 1908, 1909.  2 letters.
Hauth, E. 1907, 1910, 1912.  3 letters.
Heger, F. 1902.  1 letter.
Heller, J. 1917.  1 letter.
Hertz, R. 1910.  1 letter.
Hruševs'kyj, M. 1921-1922.  3 letters.
Huysmans, C. 1914-1921.  12 letters.
Huysmans, M. 1919-1920.  3 letters.
22
Ingerman, S.M. 1891-1927.  51 letters.
23
Insarian, N. 1902.  1 letter.
Iolščin, M. 1908.  1 letter.
Ionov . 1918.  2 letters.
Iordanskij, N. 1905.  2 letters.
Ioselevič (G. Levič) . 1888-1898, 1892.  3 letters.
Ivanov . 1902.  1 letter.
Ivanova, S. 1910-1914.  11 letters.
Ivanovskij, V.S. 1882.  1 letter.
Izrailev, R. 1918.  1 letter.
James, G. 1914.  1 letter.
Jaffé, A. N.d.  1 letter.
Johansson, O. N.d.  1 letter.
Jugov, A. 1924-1926.  3 letters.
Kac, D. N.d.  1 letter.
Kalafati, D.P. (Stanislavskij, Vol'skij) . 1905-1906.  l7 letters.
Kalmanson, Ja. 1896, 1906, 1907.  3 letters.
Kalmanson, O. and S. 1910-1914.  4 letters.
Kapeljuš, F. 1905.  1 letter.
Karleby, Nils . 1918.  1 letters.
Karpels . 1898.  1 letter.
Kasparova, V. 1917.  1 letter.
24
Kautsky, B. 1926.  2 letters.
Kautsky, K. 1886-1927.  67 letters.
Kautsky, L. 1892-1928.  20 letters.
25
1917-1928.  6 letters.
Key, E. Kempter, I. 1918.  1 letter.
Kistjakovskij, B. 1913.  1 letter.
Kljačko, A. 1918 and n.d.  2 letters.
Kljačko, K. N.d.  1 letter.
Klemens . 1899?, 1901.  2 letters.
Knjaz' . 1897.  1 letter.
Koblukova . 1896.  1 letter.
Kogan, A. 1899.  1 letter.
Kogan, M. see V. Grinevič .
Kolobov, V. 1898.  1 letter.
Kollontaj, A. 1914.  1 letter.
Kol'cov-Gincburg, B.A. 1896-1905.  20 letters.
Kossovskij, Vl. 1921.  2 letters.
Koževnikov, A. 1913.  1 letter.
Krachmal'nikov see Grigor'ev .
Krasina, L. 1919.  2 letters.
Krasinskij, G. 1919.  1 letter.
Krupskaja, N. 1901.  1 letter.
Kulakovskij . 1904.  1 letter.
Kurskij (Bljumin), M. . 1919 and n.d.  3 letters.
Laemmel, B.R. (grandson). 1917-1918.  4 letters.
Laemmel, R. (son-in-law). 1916-1918.  5 letters.
Laemmel, S. 1915.  1 letter.
Laemmel (Skoronel), V. 1916-1918, 1927.  9 letters.
Lesin, A. 1923-1924.  5 letters.
26
Koneva, El . 1888-1928 and n.d.  75 letters.
27
Lafont, E. 1918.  2 letters.
Lang, P. 1914.  1 letter.
Lejtajzen . 1902.  8 letters.
Lenin, V.I. 1895.  1 carbon copy.
Leonid (Konstantin) . 1905.  1 letter.
Levinskij, V. 1918.  1 letter.
Levickij (Cederbaum), V. 1911-1913.  9 letters.
Liebknecht, K. 1909.  1 letter.
Lisovskij, M. 1914.  1 letter.
Lissagaray . 1882.  1 letter.
Litkens, V. 1926-1927.  3 letters.
Lukomskij . 1921.  1 letter.
Lunačarskij, A. 1896-1900.  25 letters.
28
Lupolov, Ja. 1899-1908.  5 letters.
Lupov (Abramovič?) . 1905.  3 letters.
Lur'e, A. 1905-1913.  8 letters.
Luxemburg, R. 1905, 1914.  6 letters.
Maass, M. 1919.  1 letter.
Maevskij, E. N.d.  1 letter.
Majskij, Iv. 1915-1916.  12 letters.
Makadzjub, I. 1927.  3 letters.
Makadzjub, M.S. see A. Panin .
Makadzjub-Novakovskaja(?), I.S. (Marija) . 1905.  5 letters.
Maksimov, G. 1923.  1 letter.
Maksimov, N. 1907-1908.  3 letters.
Mandel, M. 1915, 1918-1919.  34 letters.
Manučarian, M. 1905.  1 letter.
Manz, A. N.d.  1 letter.
Marchlewski-Karski, I. 1901.  1 letter.
Marcusson, W. 1907.  1 letter.
Marejno, I. 1906.  1 letter.
Martov see no. 30.
29
Martynov, A. and A. Martynova-Piker . 1909-1915.  44 letters.
30
Martov, L. 1901-1916, 1920-1922.  122 letters. 1 box.
31
Mašickij (Aleksandr) . 1905.  1 letter.
Maslov, P. 1908, 1913 and n.d.  4 letters.
Mastna, M. 1918.  1 letter.
Matthiesen, G. 1917.  1 letter.
Matzkin . 1915.  1 letter.
Maurizio, A. 1893.  1 letter.
Mayer, G. 1917, 1928.  2 letters.
Mejer, V. 1883.  1 letter.
Mejsner, I. 1906.  1 letter.
Mender, F. 1915, 1920.  5 letters.
Mer, B. 1917.  3 letters.
Miller, L.E. 1888-1897.  6 letters.
Mogilevskij, V. 1920.  2 letters.
Moskvin, Z. (Zachar) . N.d.  1 letter.
Motteler, J. 1891.  2 letters.
Movič . 1912.  2 letters.
Müller, H. 1910.  1 letter.
Mutnik, A. 1918.  1 letter.
Nazar'ev, M. 1909.  4 letters.
Nerman, Ture . 1918.  1 letter.
Nikolaevskij, B. 1922-1926.  6 letters.
Nobs, E. 1915.  3 letters.
Nordström, I. 1916.  1 letter.
Noskov (?), Boris . 1903.  1 letter.
Novakovskaja, R. 1927.  1 letter.
Novakovskij, I. 1927.  1 letter.
Oberučev, K. 1921, 1924.  2 letters.
Olberg, Lerda-, Oda . 1905.  1 letter.
32
Olberg, P. 1918-1922.  29 letters.
Ol'gin, V. 1913.  1 letter.
Orechov . 1916.  1 letter.
Panin (Makadzjub), A. 1905-1915.  21 letters.
Pardo, Guido . 1920.  1 letter.
Parvus . 1904-1905.  5 letters.
Perazi , V. 1915-1916.  3 letters.
Peskin, M. 1918-1919.  3 letters.
Petrov see M. Nazar'ev .
Pileckij, Ja. 1914, 1916.  2 letters.
Pilin (?) , Polin (?), O. 1903.  1 letter.
Piscèl, A. 1918.  1 letter.
Platten, F. 1918.  1 letter.
Platten, O. 1918.  1 letter.
33
Plechanov, G. 1886-1897.  51 letters (copies).
Plechanova, R.M. 1898-1910, 1923-1926.  25 letters.
34
Podderegina, D.I. 1925.  1 letter.
Poletaev, N. 1900, 1903.  3 letters.
Poljanskij, V. 1913.  1 letter.
Poljak (Pollack), S. 1891.  1 letter.
Pomeranc see no. 35.
Popovič, D. 1918.  1 letter.
Portugejs, S. 1923.  2 letters.
Pozin, V. 1914.  2 letters.
Praschak (Mandel), A. 1913-1927.  39 letters.
35
Pomeranc, E. 1913-1927 and n.d.  35 letters.
Pomeranc, I. 1909-1915 and n.d.  8 letters.
Pomeranc, R. 1909-1914 and n.d.  43 letters.
36
Potresov, A.N. 1900-1928.  51 letters.
37
Radek, K. 1915.  1 letter.
Rakovskij, Kr. 1901.  1 letter.
Rappoport, Ch. 1916.  3 letters.
Rappoport, Ju.G. 1889.  5 letters.
Rejnštejn, B. 1907.  1 letter.
Remezov, I. 1918.  2 letters.
Renaudel, P. 1919, 1924.  3 letters.
Reško, L. and M. Reško . 1882.  2 letters.
Rewald, Br. 1918.  1 letter.
Rjazanov, D. 1914.  1 letter.
Roland Holst, H. 1905.  3 letters.
Romm, M. 1908-1913.  15 letters.
Roščin . 1907.  3 letters.
Rozanov-Sazonov, V. 1914.  1 letter.
Rozenberg, E. 1918.  1 letter.
Rozenfel'd, O. 1920, 1925-1927.  22 letters.
38
Rubakin, N. 1926.  1 letter.
Rubinov, E. (and D.) 1899, 1910-1911.  3 letters.
Rubinštejn (A. Stein), A. 1912, 1920, 1927.  3 letters.
Rubinštejn, T. 1927.  1 letter.
Rubinštejn, Ja. 1920.  3 letters.
Rublev . N.d.  1 letter.
Russel' (Sudzilovskij), N. N.d.  3 letters.
Ryžov, D. N.d.  1 letter.
Saltykova, A. 1901.  1 letter.
'Samuil' . 1905.  1 letter.
Sapir, B. 1927.  6 letters.
Šaratadze, D. 1922.  1 letter.
Sauer, C. 1914.  4 letters.
Ščekoldin (Povar), F. 1905.  2 letters.
Schuler, A. 1921.  1 letter.
Schwarz see Švarc .
Ščupak, N. 1920-1923.  8 letters.
39
Ščupak, S.D. 1916-1924 and n.d.  107 letters.
40
Ščupak, V. N.d.  1 letter.
Seimer, T. 1905.  1 letter.
Semenov, S. 1905.  2 letters.
Semkovskij (Bronštejn), S. 1914.  5 letters.
Serebrjakov, E. 1889.  1 letter.
Séverac, J.-B. 1920-1922.  4 letters.
Shapiro, A. 1896.  2 letters.
Sirotskij, F. 1903.  1 letter.
Šklovskaja, O. 1921.  1 letter.
Skomorovskij, B.A. 1920-1922, 1924, 1926.  20 letters.
Smidovič-Teslin, I. 1900-1903.  5 letters.
Smil'g, M. 1914-1920.  7 letters.
Šneerson, S. 1910.  1 letter.
Sokolov-Pajkes . 1905-1911.  7 letters.
Sombé, A. 1906.  1 letter.
Souvarine, B. 1918.  1 letter.
Stefanovič, Ja.V. 1892.  1 letter.
Steklov, Ju. 1911 and n.d.  3 letters.
Stern . 1917.  1 letter.
Stern, Dora . 1917.  1 letter.
Strick, M. 1905.  2 letters.
Ströbel, H. and A. 1920.  1 letter.
41
Struve, P.B. 1896-1902.  8 letters.
Suchomlin, V. 1919-1920.  4 letters.
Suchomlina, N. 1920.  1 letter.
Sudzilovskij, E. 1887.  1 letter.
Sumskij-Kaplun, S. 1913.  2 letters.
Suric, Ja. 1918.  1 letter.
Švarc (Elias) . 1910.  1 letter.
Švarc (Monoszon), S.M. 1914-1927.  7 letters.
Tevzaja, V. 1914-1920.  8 letters.
Thun, A. 1883.  2 letters.
Tillo, A. 1904.  1 letter.
Tiščenko . N.d.  1 letter.
Tria, V. 1912.  2 letters.
Tropovskij, A. 1921.  1 letter.
Trockij, L. 1914.  1 letter.
Urickij, M. 1916.  1 letter.
Valeckij, M. 1914-1915.  5 letters.
Valerjanov, A. 1905.  1 letter.
Vasil'ev, B. 1921.  2 letters.
Vasil'ev, B. 1921.  2 letters.
Večeslov, M. 1905.  1 letter.
Vejsman-Lotov . 1904.  1 letter.
Vengerov, S.A. 1913.  1 letter.
Verdaro, V. 1914.  2 letters.
Vereščagina, N. 1904.  1 letter.
Vil'derman . 1889.  1 letter.
Vilenskij, I. N.d.  1 letter.
42
Viljacer, I.A. 1917, 1921, 1924-1928.  39 letters.
43
Vincart, O. 1918.  1 letter.
Vitrinskij . 1897-1998 .  7 letters.
Vjaz'menskij, G. 1912, 1913 and n.d.  3 letters.
Vol'skij see P.B.Kalafati .
Vojtinskaja, E.S. 1921-1926 and n.d.  21 letters.
Vojtinskij, V.S. 1920-1928 and n.d.  55 letters.
44
Webb, S. 1918.  1 letter.
Woytinsky see Vojtinskij .
Zalewski, K. (S. Trusiewiecz) . 1910 and n.d.  2 letters.
Zasulič, V.I. 1892-1903 and n.d.  8 letters and 19 copies of letters.
Zborovskij, M.S. 1926.  1 letter.
Zembaty, A. 1905.  3 letters.
Zenzinov, V. 1920.  2 letters.
Zetkin, C. 1891-1893, 1897-1905, 1911, 1914.  18 letters.
45
Ziber, N. 1881.  2 letters.
Zolotorev, N. 1913.  1 letter.
Žordanija, N. 1903, 1925.  3 letters.
Zundelevič, A.I. 1920-1923.  21 letters.
Zundelevič, I.I. 1921.  7 letters.
Zurabov, A. 1914.  1 letter.
Zvezdič, P. 1919.  1 letter.
46
Letters from unidentified persons.   1884-1928 and n.d.  1 folder.
' Vaš B.' (Iv. Voznesensk) .   N.d.  1 letter.
Leon ( Imprimerie Israelite ).   1914.  1 letter.
Fragment ( Martov ?).   N.d.  1 letter.
Benich, F. (Böhm)?   1917.  2 letters.
Ženja .   1912.  1 letter.
From Černigov .   1897.  3 letters.
Pol ...   1898.  2 letters.
P. (Odessa).   N.d.  1 letter.
Vladimir Petrovič (Kiev).   1905.  1 letter.
A.S.   1912.  1 letter.
Fridljand?   1892, 1901.  2 letters.
Tat'jana (Sof'ja Solomonovna) .   1906.  1 letter.
M.G. (?)   1914.  1 letter.
S.M.   1905.  1 letter.
G.F.   N.d.  1 letter.
Koid, G.?   1903.  1 letter.
S.P.   1905.  1 letter.
Kurov (Kirov) .   1905.  1 letter.
Mas...a, M.   1905.  1 letter.
Steinheil, K.   1928.  1 letter.
Nadejde, J.   1884.  1 letter.
N.n. 46 letters.
47
Letters from organizations.   1897-1928 and n.d.  1 folder.
Abend blatt, New York (Dudinbaum) .   1898.  1 letter.
Bund, Berlin group .   1927.  1 letter.
Dietz Verlag, J.H.W.   1897.  2 letters.
Dutch-Scandinavian Socialist Committee .   N.d.  1 letter.
Fabian Society .   1920.  1 letter.
Fraie Stime, Di .   1914, 1917.  2 letters.
Indepent Labour Party .   1914.  1 letter.
Institut K. Marksa i F. Engel'sa .   1925.  1 letter.
International Socialist Association for the Physical Education .   1919.  1 letter.
Internationaler Kongress dauernh. Friedensvertrages .   1915. .  1 letter.
Ispoln. komissija učred. sobr.   N.d.  1 letter.
Jeunesse Soc.-Rev., Paris .   1911.  1 letter.
Jewish Library .   1928.  1 letter.
Kampf, Der (Braunthal) .   1912, 1924.  2 letters.
Labour Party .   1918.  1 letter.
Polish socialists ( Z. Marek ).   1913.  1 letter.
Reichstagspräsident.   1927.  1 letter.
Russisches Echo .   1924.  1 letter.
Russk. kom. pomošči golodajuščim .   1921.  2 letters.
Russk. Student. kassa, Zürich .   1913.  1 letter.
Russkoe Universal'noe Izdatel'stvo .   1921. .  1 letter.
SDAP (Holland) .   1915, 1919.  2 letters.
S-D Forbund (Danmark) .   1918.  1 letter.
S-D Party of Bulgaria .   1909.  1 letter.
S-D Party of Latvia .   1920, 1924.  2 letters.
SDP der Schweiz .   1915.  1 letter.
SDP Zürich 7 .   1919.  2 letters.
SFIO .   1921.  1 letter.
Socialist International .   1914-1920.
Socialist Party (USA) .   1914.  1 letter.
Verband Jüdischer Studentenvereine in Deutschland.   1923.  1 letter.
Volja Rossii .   1920.  1 letter.
Volksrecht .   1912.  1 letter.
Vorwärts .   1928.  1 letter.
48
Letters from Russian SD organizations.   1903-1926 and n.d.  1 folder.
Bern group .   1904.  2 letters.
Davos group .   1911.  1 letter.
Duma S-D group .   1908.  1 letter.
Načalo .   1905.  1 letter.
RSDRP abroad .   1909.  1 letter.
RSDRP OK .   1914.  3 letters.
RSDRP ZD .   1923.  1 letter.
RS-DSRM .   1923.  1 letter.
S.-D. Gazeta .   1918. 1 letter.
Social'demokrat .   1909.  1 letter.
Toulouse group .   1910.  1 letter.
Zürich group .   1903.  1 letter.
Letters and telegrams from Russia.   1917-1920, 1926 and n.d.  13 letters.
Copies of letters from Kuskova , Prokopovič and Grišin .   N.d.  1 letter.
49-50
Letters used for 'Iz archiva P. Aksel'rod a'.   1881-1893 and n.d.  1 folder.
49
Grinfest, S. 1884-1885.  8 letters.
Kravčinskij, S.M. 1882-1888.  5 letters.
Kravčinskij, S.M. to V.I. Zasulič . 1892.  2 letters.
Lavrov, P. 1881-1892.  6 letters.
Chotinskij . N.d.  Copy of a letter.
Mal'šinskij, A. 1881-1882.  8 letters.
50
Sickij, A. 1892-1893.  16 letters.
Sickij, A. to Levkov . 1892.  1 letter.
Krestnikov, N. to A. Sickij . 1892.  1 letter.
Unknown to unknown. 1892.  1 letter.
Employment contract of A. Sickij . 1892.
51
Collective letters, postcards, telegrams, visiting cards.   1903, 1906, 1912, 1913, 1917, 1921-1928 and n.d.  1 folder.

Letters from Aksel'rod

52-63
Letters from Aksel'rod to persons. Letters, draft letters, Ms. copies, Ts. copies and carbon copies.   1884-1927 and n.d.  12 folders.
52
Abramovič, R. 1926.  1 letter.
Adler, Fr. 1924.  1 carbon copy.
Adler, V. 1896, 1903, 1905 and n.d.  2 (original) letters and 2 copies.
Aksel'rod, L.E. (Ortodoks) . 1907.  1 letter.
Bauer, O. 1917. 1917.  2 letters.
Backlund, S. and Engberg . 1919.  1 letter.
Balabanova , and Bisk . 1906.  Copy of a letter.
Bebel, A. 1910.  2 letters and fragments.
Bernstein, E. 1925.  1 letter.
Bienstock see Binštok .
Binštok, Gr. and S.D. Ščupak . 1918.  1 letter.
Bisk, I. 1907-1917.  11 (original) letters.
Bisk, Kolja . 1913.  1 (original) letter.
Bracke . 1927.  1 letter.
53
Braun, A. N.d. (after 1903).  2 letters (many variants: 13 notebooks).
Braun, A. 1911.  1 letter.
54
Čajkovskij, N. 1902.  1 letter.
Čchenkeli, A.I. 1919.  1 letter.
Cereteli, I. 1912, 1924, 1925, 1927.  6 letters and 1 fragment.
Dan, F. 1907-1924.  6 letters.
Dejč, L. 1892-1914 and n.d.  20 (partly original) letters.
Dietz, W.G. (1916).  1 letter.
55
Garvi, P.A. 1911-1912 and n.d.  3 letters.
Greulich . 1916, 1925.
Grišin . N.d.  1 letter.
Grünfeld (Bienstock-), J. 1926-1927.  12 (original) letters.
56
Gurevič, A. 1923-1925.  43 (original) letters.
Haase, H. N.d.  1 letter.
Hausammann, L. 1919.  1 letter.
Gurevič, A. 1923-1925.  43 (original) letters.
Henderson, A. 1918-1921.  4 letters.
Huysmans, C. 1911, 1914, 1920.  4 letters.
57
Ingerman, S. 1902-1911.  8 [original] letters.
Katzenstein, S. 1926.  1 letter.
Kautsky, K. and L. 1904-1927.  11 letters.
58
Koneva, E.O. 1906.  1 letter.
Kuskova, E.D. 1906.  1 letter.
Lafont, E. 1917-1918.  3 letters.
Larin . 1915, 1916.  2 letters.
Lenin, V.I. 1900-1902.  8 letters.
Liebknecht, W. ( Bulygin (L.Dejč) affair). 1884.  3 letters.
Martov, L. and L. Dejč . 1902.  1 (original) letter.
Martynov, A. 1915.  1 letter.
59
Olberg, P. 1917-1921.  48 original letters.
60-61
Plechanov, G. and R. 1895-1909 and n.d.  2 folders (149 (original) letters and copies).
60
1895-1912.
61
1902-1909 and n.d.
62
Portugejs, S. 1923.  2 letters.
Potresov, A.N. 1904-1913.  17 letters.
Renaudel, P. 1919, 1925.  5 letters.
Romm . 1910.  1 letter.
Rozenfel'd, O.I. 1926.  4 letters.
Sapir, B. 1927.  1 letter.
63
Stauning . 1918.  1 letter (various copies).
Struve, P. N.d.  Copy of a letter.
Trockij, L. 1912-1913 .  2 letters.
Valeckij, M. 1914.  1 letter.
Viljacer,I.A. 1925.  1 letter.
Zasulič, V. 1892-1912.  12 (original) letters and copies.
Zetkin, C. 1911.  1 letter.
64-67
Letters from Aksel'rod to groups, editors and organizations.   1896-1927 and n.d.  4 folders.
64
Editors of Socialističeskij Vestnik . 1927.  1 letter.
Georgian Comrades. 1925 and n.d.  3 letters.
Letter of protest against bolshevik terror. 1921.  1 letter.
Part of a letter on bolshevik dictatorship. (1918), 1920.
Duplicate of a letter to the author of a brochure 'o rab. s'ezde'. 1907.
Editors of Zeit . 1914.  1 letter.
Congress of the Parti Socialiste Français . 1916.  1 letter.
Editors of Žizn' . 1910.  1 letter.
65
Group of emigrants. 1900, after 1917.  2 letters.
Leipziger Volkszeitung . 1925.  3 letters.
SI jubilee, London. 1924.  2 letters.
SI congress, Marseille. 1925.  1 letter.
Editors of Novaja Žizn' . 1918.  1 letter.
Editors of Zarja . 1923.  1 letter.
Congress of Labour Party . 1914 and n.d.  2 letters.
Editors of a socialist journal in Russia. 1925.  1 letter.
66
Editors of Delo Žizni . 1911.  1 letter.
SPD Parteivorstand . 1925.  1 letter.
Groups of Russian comrades. 1896, 1914, 1917, 1923, 1925, 1927.  7 letters.
67
Iskra , editorial staff and individual members. 1900-1903.  39 (original) letters.
68
Letters used for 'Pis'ma P.B. Aksel'roda i Ju.O. Martova ' to L. Martov and F.I. Dan .   1908-1915.  (35 copies of letters). 1 folder.
69
Letters used for 'Iz archiva P. Aksel'roda' .   1888-1896.  1 cover.
S.M. Kravčinskij .   1889-1892.  3 letters.
Moscow S-D group .   1896.  1 letter.
Warsaw S-D group .   1893.  1 letter.
Komitet Obščestva bor'by s golodom .   1891.  1 letter.
P.L. Lavrov .   1888.  1 letter.
70
Letters to n.n.   1892-1927 and n.d.  1 folder (20 (draft) letters and parts of letters).

Other correspondence

71-72
Other correspondence. Ms. and ts. letters and carbon copies.   1882-1928 and n.d.  2 folders.
71
Aksel'rod, A. to E.M. Pomeranc . 1913.  2 letters.
Anan'ina, R. to I.S. Bisk . 1918.  1 letter.
Anan'ina, R. to Fedor Markovič [Kojgen] . 1918.  3 letters.
Buchgol'c, V. to Bljumenfel'd . 1898.  1 letter.
CB to Zagraničnaja Delegacija . 1926.  2 letters.
NB: Fragments.
Čcheidze, N. to M. Lur'e (ps. Larin) . 1916.  1 letter.
Cereteli, I. to V.P. Gurevič . 1928.  1 letter.
Čičerin, G.V. to A.M. Kollontaj , L. Martov and S. Ju. Semkovskij . 1915.  1 carbon copy.
Čičerin, G.V. to n.n. 1915.  8 (carbon copies of) letters.
Členov, O. to I. Lugov . 1905.  1 letter.
Dan, F.I. to L. Martov . 1913.  1 letter.
Dan, F.I. to A.S. Martynov . 1910.  1 letter.
Ermolaev, K. to F.I. Dan . N.d.  1 letter.
Friedland, A. to n.n. 1915.  1 letter.
Ganelin, S. to V.I. Zasulič . 1898.  1 letter.
Garvi, P.A. to L. Martov . 1912.  2 letters.
Gol'dman, L.I. to I.S. Bljumenfel'd . 1905.  1 letter.
Gurevič, A.G. to E.M. Pomeranc . 1913.  1 letter.
Gurevič, Elena , to R. Pomeranc . 1913.  1 letter.
Gurevič-Smirnov, E.(Danevič) to V. Zasulič . 1893.  1 letter.
Ioffe, I. to Bljumenfel'd . 1905.  1 letter.
Južanin to n.n. N.d.(c.1902).  1 letter.
NB: Fragment.
Kautsky, L. to V.P. Gurevič . 1928.  1 letter.
Kljačko, K. to S.D. Ščupak . 1919.  1 letter.
Koneva, E. to L.I. Aksel'rod-Ortodoks . N.d .  1 letter.
Koneva, E. to Gassel'nik . N.d.  1 letter.
72
Légation Russe to Bisk . N.d.  1 letter.
Levenson to G.V. Plechanov . 1892.  1 letter.
Levenštejn, M.Ju. to V.P. Gurevič . 1912.  1 letter.
[Ljubimov], Mark , to RSDRP Foreign Bureau . 1915.  1 letter.
Ljudmila M[...] . to Nikolaj Ivanovič [...]. 1902.  1 letter.
Majskij (ps. of I.M. Ljachoveckij) to L. Martov . 1915.  1 letter.
Mandel, A. to n.n. [ Anneli ?]. 1915.  1 letter.
Martov, L. to F.I. Dan . 1915.  1 carbon copy.
Martov, L. to friends. 1914.  1 letter.
Martov, L. to Parti Socialiste Français (CAP) . 1915.  1 carbon copy.
Martov, L. and F.I. Dan to SPD (Vorstand) . 1911.  1 letter.
Plechanov, G. to A.S. Martynov . 1909.  1 letter.
Pomeranc, E.M. to L. Dejč . N.d.  1 letter.
Pomeranc children to various persons. N.d.  6 letters.
[ Potresov, A.N. ] to F.I. Dan . 1904.  1 letter.
Potresov, A.N. to L. Martov . 1909.  1 letter.
Reusner, M.v. , to E. Koneva . 1905.  1 letter.
Rozanov, V.N. to L. Martov . 1904.  1 letter.
RSDRP (Binštok/Garvi) to K. Kautsky . 1924.  1 letter.
RSDRP Gruppa russkoj molodeži to Vera Zasulič . 1903.  1 letter (2 copies).
RSDRP Liège group to Administration RSDRP . 1905.  1 letter.
Schw. Schumacherverband to Russian shoemakers. 1898.  1 letter.
Semkovskij, S.Ju. to C. Zetkin . 1913. Ms. draft.
Social-Demokrat , editors of, to P.L. Lavrov . [1889?].  1 letter.
Société de Secours au profit des émigrés politiques Russes s.-d. to S.Ju. Semkovskij . 1914.  1 letter.
Sojuz Russkich Socialdemokratov zagranicej , administration of, to Prokopovič . 1898.  1 letter.
Trockij to the editors of Naša Zarja . 1913.  1 [open] letter.
Vojtinskij, V. to L. De Brouckère . 1922.  1 letter.
Z (in Russia) to comrades (CV in Berlin?). 1927.  4 letters.
Zetkin, C. , to Mensheviks. 1911.  1 carbon copy.
N.n.(Berlin) to I.S. Bisk . 1912.
N.n. to S.M. Švarc (Monosson) . 1914.  1 letter.
N.n.(Kiev) to Boris Aronovič [..]. 1882.  1 letter.
N.n. to Izabella R. [...]. 1914.  1 letter.
N.n.(Odessa) to n.n. N.d.  1 letter.

PRIVATE LIFE

73
Personal documents.   1899, 1909, 1912, 1917-1929 and n.d.  1 folder.
NB. See also inv.no. 79.

AUTHORSHIP AND EDITORAL ACTIVITIES


Manuscripts


'Perežitoe i peredumannoe' (his memoirs)
74
Handwritten and typed manuscripts and variants of part one of 'Perežitoe i peredumannoe' (his memoirs).  1 box.
NB. Published in Berlin, 1923.
75-78
Handwritten and typed manuscripts and various variants of part two of 'Perežitoe i peredumannoe' (his memoirs).  7 folders.
NB. Partly published in Letopis' marksizma VI (1928), 82-112.
75
N.d.  4 folders.
76
N.d.
77
N.d.
78
N.d.
79
File, pertaining to writing (the second volume of) his memoirs, including letters, (draft) contracts, passport, and other documents. With draft list.   1904, 1906, 1914, 1918, 1921-1926 and n.d.  1 folder.

Articles and fragments and variants of articles by Aksel'rod
80-87
Articles, variants and fragments of articles. 1870, 1882, 1887, 1889, 1895-1927 and n.d.  8 boxes.
80
1870, 1882, 1887, 1889, 1895-1903 and n.d. (before 1903).
81
1903-1906.
82
1907-1908.
83
1909-1916 and n.d.
84
1917-1918.
85
1918-1919.
86
1919-1920.
NB. Also a few texts (summaries) of lectures.
87
1920-1922, 1924-1925, 1927 and n.d.
88-90
Articles, variants and fragments of articles, and a few notes and quotations in German.   1898, 1903-1905, 1912-1916 and n.d.  7 folders.
88
1898, 1903-1905, 1912-1916 and n.d.  5 folders.
89
1898, 1903-1905, 1912-1916 and n.d.  1 folder.
90
1898, 1903-1905, 1912-1916 and n.d.  1 folder.
91-92
Typescripts of articles and interviews [which were to have served to a collection of his writings on Bolshevism since 1917]. With a draft table of contents of 'Aus dem Nachlass von Paul Axelrod' and a letter from E. Landyševa to F.I. Dan   (27-2-'29). 1917-1921, 1929 and n.d.  2 folders.
91
1917-1921, 1929 and n.d.
92
1917-1921, 1929 and n.d.

Drafts

93
Various drafts.   1910, 1916 and n.d.  1 folder.
94
Notebooks with drafts.   1910, 1927 and n.d.  1 folder.

Notes

95-96
Booklets with notes.   1903-1904, 1910, 1919-1927 and n.d.  2 folders.
95
1903-1904, 1910, 1919-1927 and n.d.
96
1903-1904, 1910, 1919-1927 and n.d.

Extracts

97
Extracts from books and other publications on historical, economical, political and other subjects. c.   1880-1927.  1 folder.
98
Notebooks with extracts from books and other publications on historical, economical, political and other subjects. c.   1880-1927.  1 box.

Manuscripts by others

99-102
Manuscripts by I. Cereteli , L. Chasanovič , F.I. Dan , L.Dejč , A. Ermanskij , P.A. Garvi , A.A. Jugov , B. Karpeles , D. Kol'cov , Martov , Martynov , Nadson , B.I. Nikolaevskij , P. Olberg (?), A. Tanin , V.I. Zasulič , N. Žordanija , and unknown.   1882, [1889], 1892, 1897-1898, 1900, [1905], 1907, 1917, 1918, 1921, 1926, 1927 and n.d.  4 folders.
99
Cereteli-Dan.
100
Dan-Karpeles.
101
Kol'cov-Zasulič.
102
Žordanija-Unknown.

Les Échos de Russie/Stimmen aus Russland

103
Several articles and material for Les Echos de Russie/Stimmen aus Russland.   c. 1918 .  1 folder.
104
Requests from various libraries for Stimmen aus Russland und Échos de la Russie. 1918-1919.  1 cover.

POLITICAL ACTIVITIES


RSDRP

105-106
Resolutions, circular letters and other documents from/about the RSDRP .   1904, [1911], [1912], 1913, [1914], 1917-1919, 1922, 1924, 1926 and n.d.  2 folders.
105
1904-1919.
106
1919-1926.

Socialist international

107-110
(Draft) resolutions, circular letters, reports and other documents of the Second International and the Labour and Socialist International (LSI) . With draft list.   1913-1915, 1917-1921, 1923, 1925, 1927.  4 folders.
107
Nos. 0-16.
108
Nos. 17-32.
109
Nos. 33-48.
110
Nos. 49-61.

DOCUMENTATION

111
Documentation on Aksel'rod .   1917, 1920, 1925 and n.d.  1 cover.
112
Leaflets of the RSDRP   and related groups. 1904-1907, 1910-1912, 1914, 1922, 1927 and n.d.  1 folder.
113
Clippings.   1924, 1926, 1927.  1 folder.
114-115
Various documentation.   1901, 1913, 1915, 1919, 1924, 1927 and n.d.  2 folders.
114
1901, 1913, 1915, 1919, 1924, 1927 and n.d.
115
N.d.

OTHER PAPERS

116
Various collected documents. Handwritten.   1879, [1893?], [1905?] and n.d.  1 folder.
117-120
Correspondence of Evgenija A. Landyševa . With draft list.   1921-1929 and n.d.  4 folders.
117
1921-1925.
118
1926-1927.
119
1928.
120
1928-1929 and n.d.
121
4 certificates issued on the name of Kel'man Chaimovič Vel'štejn .   1858, 1879, 1880 and n.d.  1 cover.
122
Letters to, financial documents of, and other documents of the RSDRP, Paris group , and of the Russian Library, Paris .   1905, 1906, 1907, 1912.  1 folder.
NB. Relationship to Aksel'rod papers not clear.